Re: Forum message "New topic" (2091) was published [www.hip.watsan.net - Message on behalf of Susan Murcott who is traveling]
Navendu Shekhar - Monday 29 January 2007I want to point out a household practice that may seem at odds with the
following definition:
"Continuous piped water under pressure in the household is defined as:
1. Presence of a tap within the house; and
2. Respondent reports that water comes out of the tap 24 hours a day, 7
days per week
This was added to the indicator to make sure that our denominator is not
inflated by people who do not need to treat their water in the household."
Many households in India pump water from a ground water source directly in
to private tanks usually placed on their house terraces.These households
meet the first condition, that is they have a tap within the house and water
does come 24/7 provided they periodically keep refilling the tank. The
groundwater though may not be treated or safe. How would we categorize such
households?
Navendu
On 1/27/07, Rochelle Rainey wrote:
>
> This email is to inform you that a new Forum message has been published at
> www.hip.watsan.net.
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------
>
> New topic - Rochelle Rainey
>
> Hi everyone! I just keep getting behinder and behinder so here goes...
> Susan, thanks very much for your detailed response to Orlando's discussion
> paper that launched this e-conference.
>
> First I want to provide more detail on USAID's proposed indicator "% of
> households without continuous access to piped water under pressure in the
> house that are practicing effective household water management".
>
> The current definition we are using for this indicator is:
> Continuous piped water under pressure in the household is defined as:
> 1. Presence of a tap within the house; and
> 2. Respondent reports that water comes out of the tap 24 hours a day,
> 7 days per week
> This was added to the indicator to make sure that our denominator is not
> inflated by people who do not need to treat their water in the household.
>
> Effective household water management is defined as:
> 1. Presence of chlorine residual in household drinking water storage
> container; and/or
> 2. Presence of a covered ceramic water filter in an accessible spot
> in the kitchen, with filter in place and water in the lower container;
> and/or
> 3. Presence of multiple SODIS bottles exposed to full sunlight
>
> This definition has then been used to develop a Lot Quality Assurance
> Sample survey module that will be incorporated into a larger child survival
> survey to be carried out annually to provide data for USAID reporting. We
> (the environmental health team at USAID and our contractors promoting
> hygiene improvement including point of use water treatment and safe storage)
> are not involved in this study directly, so we don't know what the sampling
> frame or sample size will be. I believe the first LQAS studies will be
> carried out this year in a few countries and these questions will be on the
> table as we pilot test the instrument and process. So, Susan, the
> numerator/denominator question and the "targeted households" issues you
> point out are missing are very valid but answers are unknown at this point.
> I look forward to discussing this more with you in person next week!
>
> For Susan's issue of timing, I agree that it provides very useful
> information at the program level, but I wonder if the variability in
> consistent use is so great even in households that adopt a practice, if this
> would make sense for a global indicator.
>
> Which brings me to the question of scale, and what level of detail is
> appropriate for indicators at project level, program level, organizational
> level (like PSI data from all countries) and global for all organizations
> promoting all technologies and behaviors.
>
> Many of the ones in Susan's table are very useful and appropriate for
> program level (also, Arinita, I like your suggestion of an indicator like
> "contact agent or individual" for this level), but from a donor's
> perspective USAID is looking for one or two very simple things we can count
> and report on. I also have the feeling that organizations have their own
> internal momentum, like USAID with the LQAS and PSI with its excellent
> research tools (like WAWI, Chris! and thanks, Navendu, for your information
> on PSI) and wonder about our ability as individuals to change those larger
> processes.
>
> I think in general, Orlando's proposed indicators of behavioral
> determinants could be seen more as project-type indicators for use at a
> level closer to the actual implementation, while the behavioral indicators
> of # liters water treated and % households practicing effective household
> water management are more useful for advocacy and reporting to the broader
> community.
>
> Mark, CDC also suggested that USAID include a water quality marker in our
> LQAS. I have passed that suggestion on along with the draft LQAS, and will
> continue to lobby for this as the process unfolds. Stay tuned and meanwhile
> good luck in your work on fast, cheap, reliable indicators of water quality.
>
> To address another issue of the conference, as you see, currently safe
> storage is not included in USAID's definition of "effective household water
> management" although there is a section in the draft LQAS instrument to
> collect this data based on the characteristics of covered with a solid lid
> and having a narrow mouth and/or a tap for removing water without
> introducing anything into the container. While I think behaviors around
> water transport, storage and handling are important in maintaining water
> quality, as Orlando said there is no consensus around how often does the
> vessel need to be emptied, cleaned, where it is stored, how to measure it so
> it is not included in the definition at this time.
>
> Ok, I am stopping now, but will continue to follow the interesting
> discussion. Orlando, thanks for the summaries! Cheers, Rochelle
>
>
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Navendu Shekhar
Regional Researcher, Southern Africa
Society for Family Health/ Population Services International
Metro Park, 2nd Floor,
8 Hillside Road, Johannesburg, 2193
South Africa
Phone: +27 11 484 5320 ext 229
Fax: +27 11 484 5802
Cell: +27 84 357 7419